General Principles and Analysis of Defects in Head and Neck Reconstruction

ABSTRACT

The challenging task of reconstructing head and neck defects can be performed nowadays with good results and high success rates. This field has developed significantly with the introduction of microsurgical techniques, where in one stage complex composite defects can be reconstructed. An appreciation of the physiologic and morphologic loss occurring as a result of defect creation, appropriate preoperative planning, individualized assessment and care, and multidisciplinary cooperation all can aid in optimizing the final outcome. In this review article, these issues, as well as the effects of radiation therapy on the reconstructive plan, the appropriate choice of vessels during the reconstruction, and the use of multiple flaps and their indications, are discussed. Results achieved today are a testament to the advancements in the field of reconstructive microsurgery, where both functional and aesthetic goals are met.

KEYWORDS

Head and neck reconstruction - microsurgery - free tissue transfer

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